What is Sarcoma, symptoms, treatment and prevention?

ARTICLES, Cancer, Conditions & Diseases, HEALTH

Sarcoma is a type of cancer that develops in the connective tissues of the body, including muscles, tendons, fat, blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves. It can also occur in bones (bone sarcoma) and soft tissues (soft tissue sarcoma).

Symptoms:

  • Painless Lump or Swelling: Most common symptom, often growing larger over time.
  • Pain or Tenderness: Especially when a tumor presses on nerves or muscles.
  • Limited Mobility: If a tumor affects joints or muscles.
  • Other Symptoms: Can include fatigue, weight loss, or a feeling of fullness.

Causes of Sarcoma

The exact cause of sarcoma is often unknown, but several factors can increase the risk:

  • Genetic Mutations: Inherited conditions like Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Neurofibromatosis, and Retinoblastoma.
  • Radiation Exposure: Previous radiation therapy for other cancers can increase the risk.
  • Chemical Exposure: Certain chemicals, such as herbicides and dioxins.
  • Chronic Swelling (Lymphedema): Long-term swelling can increase the risk of developing angiosarcoma.
  • Injury and Inflammation: Chronic injuries or inflammation in a specific area can sometimes be a contributing factor.

Treatment:

  • Surgery: Primary treatment to remove the tumor if possible.
  • Radiation Therapy: Used before surgery to shrink tumors or after to kill remaining cancer cells.
  • Chemotherapy: May be used for certain types of sarcoma to kill cancer cells throughout the body.
  • Targeted Therapy: Uses drugs to specifically target cancer cells with minimal damage to normal cells.
  • Immunotherapy: Enhances the body’s immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.

Prevention:

  • Regular Physical Activity: Helps maintain a healthy weight and reduces cancer risk.
  • Avoiding Harmful Substances: Such as tobacco and excessive alcohol.
  • Early Detection: Regular health check-ups and prompt medical attention for any unusual symptoms or lumps.

Understanding these aspects can aid in early detection and effective management of sarcoma.

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